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Meta-Analysis Services: Forest Plots, Heterogeneity and Pooled Effects

Statistically rigorous meta-analysis in R, RevMan or Stata, from effect-size calculation to forest plots, heterogeneity and publication-bias assessment.

Forest plotsRevManR
Meta-AnalysisForest plots • RevMan • R
Contour-enhanced funnel plot from a meta-analysis: study odds ratios on a log scale against standard error, with shaded significance contours, pseudo 95% limits, and seven studies imputed by trim-and-fill on the left that shift the adjusted pooled estimate slightly towards no effect

Meta-Analysis Help From Specialists in Evidence Synthesis

A meta-analysis statistically combines results from comparable studies to estimate an overall effect and explore why results differ. Done well, it follows the methods in Chapter 10 of the Cochrane Handbook, from choosing effect measures to fixed-effect or random-effects models.

We calculate and pool effect sizes (odds ratios, risk ratios, mean differences, standardised mean differences, proportions and correlations), produce forest plots, quantify heterogeneity with I², and run subgroup, sensitivity and publication-bias analyses.

You receive reproducible analysis files and a plain-language interpretation you can use in your results and discussion sections.

Meta-Analysis: What's Included

Effect-size calculation

Extracting and converting study results into a common effect measure, with correct handling of multi-arm and crossover studies.

Forest plots

Publication-quality forest plots showing each study's estimate, weights and the pooled result.

Heterogeneity analysis

I², tau² and the chi² test, interpreted using the Cochrane Handbook's guidance rather than fixed cut-offs.

Random-effects and fixed-effect models

The model chosen and justified for your data and question.

Subgroup analysis and meta-regression

Pre-specified analyses that explore sources of heterogeneity.

Sensitivity analysis

Testing how robust the result is, for example by excluding high risk-of-bias studies.

Funnel plots

Funnel plots and asymmetry tests such as Egger's test, when there are enough studies to use them.

Publication-bias assessment

A careful judgement of missing evidence, following Chapter 13 of the Cochrane Handbook.

RevMan

Analyses in Cochrane's RevMan, ideal for Cochrane-style reviews.

R (metafor, meta)

Scripted, fully reproducible analyses in R, including network and advanced models.

Stata

Meta-analysis using Stata's meta suite when your team works in Stata.

How It Works

  1. 1

    Review your data

    We check the extracted data and agree the outcomes, effect measures and model.

  2. 2

    Analysis plan

    We confirm the pre-specified subgroup, sensitivity and bias analyses.

  3. 3

    Run the analysis

    We pool results, quantify heterogeneity and produce the plots.

  4. 4

    Interpret

    We explain what the pooled estimate and heterogeneity mean for your question.

  5. 5

    Deliver

    You receive the figures, tables, code or RevMan file and a written results section.

Standards and Guidelines We Follow

Our methods follow published standards from recognised authorities, so your work holds up to supervisors, examiners and peer reviewers.

StandardWhat it coversSource
Cochrane Handbook, Chapter 10Effect measures, fixed-effect and random-effects models, heterogeneityCochrane Handbook, Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses
I² statisticQuantifying inconsistency across studiesHiggins JPT, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003;327:557-560
Cochrane Handbook, Chapter 13Missing evidence; funnel-plot tests only with at least 10 studiesCochrane Handbook, Chapter 13: Assessing risk of bias due to missing evidence
Egger's testGraphical and statistical test for small-study effectsEgger M, et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629-634
SoftwareRevMan and the metafor package for RRevMan (Cochrane's review software)Viechtbauer W. Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package. J Stat Softw 2010;36(3)
PRISMA 2020Reporting the synthesis methods and resultsPage MJ, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement. BMJ 2021;372:n71

What You Receive

  • Forest plots for every outcome, in publication quality
  • Heterogeneity statistics with interpretation
  • Subgroup and sensitivity analysis results
  • Funnel plots and bias tests (where at least 10 studies allow)
  • Summary tables ready for your manuscript
  • Analysis code (R/Stata) or RevMan file
  • Written methods and results sections

Who This Service Is For

  • Doctoral researchers: Meta-analyses for thesis chapters and publications.
  • Clinical and public-health researchers: Pooling trial or observational data.
  • Review teams: Adding statistical expertise to an ongoing systematic review.
  • Psychology and education researchers: Standardised mean differences and correlation meta-analyses.

Meta-Analysis: Frequently Asked Questions

What does I² mean in a meta-analysis?

I² describes the percentage of variability in effect estimates that is due to heterogeneity rather than chance. The Cochrane Handbook gives overlapping ranges (for example 0-40% might not be important and 75-100% is considerable) and advises interpreting them in context.

Random-effects or fixed-effect model: which should I use?

It depends on whether you expect the studies to share one true effect. We choose and justify the model using the Cochrane Handbook's guidance.

When can you test for publication bias?

The Cochrane Handbook advises using funnel-plot asymmetry tests only when a meta-analysis includes at least 10 studies, because the tests have low power with fewer.

Can you do a meta-analysis in RevMan or R?

Yes. We work in RevMan, R (metafor and meta) and Stata, and give you the files.

Can you do a meta-analysis of proportions or single-arm studies?

Yes. We use appropriate transformations and models for proportions and single-arm data.

Is my project confidential?

Yes. Your files are stored privately and only the people working on your project can open them. We sign a non-disclosure agreement on request.

Do you offer refinements after delivery?

Yes. After delivery you can request refinements within the agreed scope directly from your client dashboard.

How is the price calculated?

Every project gets an itemised quote based on scope, complexity and deadline. You pay only after you accept the quote.

How do I get started?

Request a free quote online, message us on WhatsApp or email us. A specialist will reply with an itemised quote within 2-4 business hours.

Who is credited for the work?

You remain the author. For publications, the ICMJE recommends acknowledging writing assistance and editing rather than listing it as authorship. For coursework, follow your institution's academic integrity policy.

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Describe your project and a specialist will reply with an itemized quote within 2-4 business hours.

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